Umhlahlandlela Owusizo wama-Carbon Fiber Composite Breathing Air Cylinders

I-self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) ibalulekile kubacimi bomlilo, izisebenzi zokuhlenga, kanye namathimba okuphepha ezimbonini. Enhliziyweni ye-SCBA kukhona ingcindezi ephezuluisilindaegcina umoya ophefumulayo. Eminyakeni yakamuva,isilinda esiyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fibers sebeyisinqumo esijwayelekile ngenxa yebhalansi yamandla, ukuphepha, kanye nesisindo esincishisiwe. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuhlaziywa okusebenzayo kwei-carbon fibre cylinders, ukuhlukanisa ukwakheka kwazo, ukusebenza, nokusebenziseka kuzo zonke izici ezihlukene.

1. Amandla kanye Nengcindezi Yokusebenza

Isilinda esiyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fibreama-SCBA ngokuvamile aklanywa azungeze umthamo ojwayelekile ongu-6.8 wamalitha. Lo sayizi wamukelwa kabanzi ngoba unikeza ibhalansi esebenzayo phakathi kwesikhathi sokuhlinzekwa komoya kanye nokubamba kalula. Ukucindezela kokusebenza ngokuvamile kungamabha angu-300, okuvumela umoya ogciniwe owanele cishe imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-45 yesikhathi sokuphefumula, kuye ngomthwalo womsebenzi womsebenzisi nezinga lokuphefumula.

Amandla okugcina umoya ocindezelwe ngokuphepha kulokhu kucindezela okuphezulu kungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa izinhlanganisela ze-carbon fibre esikhundleni sensimbi yendabuko. Nakuba zombili izinto ezisetshenziswayo zingamelana nezingcindezi ezinjalo, izinhlanganisela zifinyelela lokhu ngesisindo esincane kakhulu.

2. Izinto Zesakhiwo Nokuklama

Ukwakhiwa okuyinhloko kwaleziisilindas isebenzisa:

• I-Liner yangaphakathi: Ngokuvamile i-polyethylene terephthalate (PET), enikeza umoya futhi isebenza njengesisekelo sokugoqa kwangaphandle.

• Ukugoqa Kwangaphandle: Izendlalelo ze-Carbon fiber, ngezinye izikhathi ezihlanganiswe ne-epoxy resin, ukunikeza amandla nokusabalalisa ukucindezeleka.

• Imikhono Evikelayo: Emiklamo eminingi, imikhono evimbela umlilo noma i-polymer coatings yengezwa ukumelana nokugqoka kwangaphandle nokushisa.

Lo mklamo onezingqimba uqinisekisa ukuthi i-isilindaingabamba ingcindezi ngokuphepha ngenkathi ihlala ingasindi futhi imelana nomonakalo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsimbi zendabuko noma amasilinda e-aluminium, asindayo futhi ajwayele ukugqwala, izinto eziyinhlanganisela zinikeza ukuqina nokusingatha okungcono.

3. Isisindo kanye ne-Ergonomics

Isisindo siyisici esibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-SCBA. Izicishamlilo noma abatakuli bavame ukuphatha amagiya agcwele isikhathi eside ezindaweni eziyingozi. Isilinda esivamile sensimbi singaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-12-15, kuyilapho aisilinda esiyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fiberyomthamo ofanayo inganciphisa lokho ngamakhilogremu amaningana.

Okujwayelekileisilinda esiyinhlanganiselas zinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-3.5–4.0 ebhodleleni elingenalutho, futhi cishe amakhilogremu angu-4.5–5.0 uma efakwe imikhono yokuzivikela kanye nokuhlanganisa amavalvu. Lokhu kuncipha komthwalo kwenza umehluko obonakalayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okusiza ukunciphisa ukukhathala nokuthuthukisa ukuhamba.

4. Ukuqina Nokuphila

Isilinda esiyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fibres ihlolwe kumazinga aqinile afana nezitifiketi ze-EN12245 nezitifiketi ze-CE. Zenzelwe impilo ende yesevisi, ngokuvamile ifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-15 kuye ngohlaka lokulawula.

Enye inzuzo eyinhloko yokwakhiwa kwenhlanganisela ukumelana nokugqwala. Ngenkathi amasilinda ensimbi edinga ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokugqwala noma ukuguga komhlaba,i-carbon fibre cylinderabasengozini kakhulu emiphumeleni yezemvelo. Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko kuba umonakalo ongaphezulu ekugoqweni kokuzivikela, yingakho ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo okuvamile kuyadingeka. Abanye abakhiqizi bengeza imikhono evimbela ukuklwebheka noma ekwazi ukumelana nelangabi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuvikeleka.

5. Izici Zokuphepha

Ukuphepha kuhlala kuyinto ehamba phambili.I-carbon fibre cylinderama-s aklanywe ngezingqimba eziningi ukuze alawule ingcindezi futhi avimbele ukwehluleka okungazelelwe. Bahlolwa ngokuqhuma lapho isilinda kufanele simelane nezingcindezi eziphakeme kakhulu kunokucindezela kokusebenza, ngokuvamile cishe ngamabha angama-450-500.

Esinye isici sokuphepha esakhelwe ngaphakathi yisistimu ye-valve. Iisilindas ngokuvamile zisebenzisa i-M18x1.5 noma imicu ehambisanayo, edizayinelwe ukuhlanganisa namasethi e-SCBA ngokuvikelekile. Ukwengeza, amadivaysi okusiza ingcindezi angavimbela ukucindezela ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa.

6. Ukusebenziseka Ensimini

Ngokombono ongokoqobo, ukuphathwa nokusebenziseka kweisilinda esiyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fibers ukubenza bafaneleke ikakhulukazi umlilo nokuhlenga. Isisindo esincishisiwe, esihlanganiswe nedizayini ye-ergonomic, ivumela ukunikela okusheshayo nokulinganisela okungcono emhlane womsebenzisi.

Imikhono evikelayo iphinde isize ukunciphisa ukuguga ekuhuduleni noma ukuthintana nezindawo ezimaholoholo. Ekusetshenzisweni komhlaba wangempela, lokhu kusho isikhathi esincane sokulungiswa kanye nokushintshwa kwamasilinda ambalwa. Kuzicishamlilo ezihamba emfucumfucwini, ezindaweni eziwumngcingo, noma ekushiseni okudlulele, lokhu kuthuthukiswa kokusebenziseka kuhumusha ngokuqondile ekusebenzeni kahle kokusebenza.

7. Ukuhlola Nokunakekela

Isilinda esiyinhlanganiselas zidinga umjikelezo wokuhlola ohlukile kunamasilinda ensimbi. Esikhundleni sokugxila ekugqwaleni, ukunakekelwa kubekwa ekutholeni umonakalo we-fiber, i-delamination, noma ukuqhekeka kwe-resin. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kuvame ukwenziwa kukho konke ukugcwalisa, nokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic okudingekayo ngezikhathi ezichaziwe (imvamisa njalo eminyakeni emihlanu).

Umkhawulo owodwa okufanele uqashelwe ukuthi uma ubuqotho besakhiwo bokugoqa okuyinhlanganisela busengozini, ukulungiswa akunakwenzeka, futhi isilinda kufanele siyeke ukusebenza. Lokhu kwenza ukuphatha ngokucophelela kubalulekile, nakuba amasilinda ngokuvamile aqinile.

8. Izinzuzo Ngokubuka nje

Ukufingqa ukuhlaziya, izinzuzo eziyinhloko zeisilinda esiyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fibers zihlanganisa:

• Engasindi: Kulula ukuthwala, kunciphisa ukukhathala komsebenzisi.

• Amandla Aphakeme: Ingagcina ngokuphephile umoya ku-300 bar working pressure.

• Ukumelana Nokugqwala: Impilo ende yesevisi uma iqhathaniswa nensimbi.

• Ukuthobela Izitifiketi: Ihlangabezana namazinga okuphepha e-EN kanye ne-CE.

• Ukuphatha Okuwusizo: I-ergonomics engcono nokunethezeka komsebenzisi.

Lezi zinzuzo zichaza ukuthi kunganiisilinda esiyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fibers manje isiyinketho evamile yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-SCBA ezichwepheshile emhlabeni jikelele.

9. Ukucatshangelwa kanye Nemikhawulo

Naphezu kwamandla abo,i-carbon fibre cylinders azinazo izinselele:

• Izindleko: Kubiza kakhulu ukuwenza kunezinye izindlela zensimbi.

• Ukuzwela kwendawo: Imithelela yangaphandle ingabangela umonakalo kumafayibha, adinga ukushintshwa.

• Izidingo Zokuhlola: Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha.

Kubathengi nabasebenzisi, ukulinganisa lokhu kucatshangelwa nezinzuzo zokusebenza kubalulekile. Ezindaweni ezinobungozi obukhulu, ezidingeka kakhulu, izinzuzo zivame ukudlula izithiyo.

Isiphetho

Isilinda somoya esiphefumulayo esiyinhlanganisela ye-carbon fibers babeke indinganiso yezinhlelo ze-SCBA zesimanje. Ukwakhiwa kwabo okungasindi, ukusebenza okuqinile ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu, nezici zokuphatha ezithuthukisiwe kunikeza izinzuzo ezicacile ngaphezu kwemiklamo yensimbi yendabuko. Nakuba zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela futhi ziza ngezindleko eziphakeme, ukunikela kwazo ekuphepheni, ekuhambeni, nasekukhuthazeleni emisebenzini esindisa ukuphila kuzenza zibe ukukhetha okungokoqobo nokuthembekile.

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla efayibha, okokuvikelayo, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko cishe kuzokwenza la masilinda asakazeke kakhulu. Okwamanje, ahlala eyingxenye ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwabaphenduli be-frontline.